EVALUATING THE POTENTIALITY OF SUDANESE JOJOBA OIL AS CASH CROP IN SUDAN

Abstract

Objectives, to study the biotechnological aspects of Sudanese Jojoba seed oil as a potential cash crop in Sudan. Material and Methods, Jojoba Simmondsia chinensis (Link) C.K. Schneid.  (Family Simmondsiaceae), random sampling collection of seeds from Sudan, calculation production of seeds was done.  Oil percentage yield was given using cold pressing and chemical extraction. Blending bio-lubricant, was prepared by miscibility of base mineral oil SN150 with jojoba oil (1:1), then polymer and additives were adding. Seven parameters of physical properties of jojoba oil and blending bio lubricant were done by American Society for Testing and Materials methods, parameters including, Kinematic viscosity @ 40C⁰ , the Kinematic viscosity @ 100C⁰, Viscosity index, Density @ 35 C⁰, Total acid number, Flash Point, pour point and boiling point. Chemical analysis of oil was done by GC/MS. The Bio lubricant is compared to mineral oil SN150 by FT-IR Spectra. Conditioning agent for cosmetic was done using emollient and jojoba oil micro-emulsion. Results, one tree production of seeds per season equal 5,6 kg, one feddan energy of jojoba equal 630 trees, that mean one feddan production of seeds equal 3528 kg. From 500g of seeds, the oil percentage yield was 200g (40%).  Kinematic viscosity @ 40C⁰ (25.30 cSt), Kinematic viscosity @ 100C⁰ (6.525 cSt), Viscosity index (232), Density @ 35 C⁰ (0.8566 g/ml), Total acid number (0.69 mg.KOH/g), Flash Point (281 C⁰), Pour point (9 C⁰) and boiling-point (397-398Ċ). GC/MS chemical analysis gave 13 compounds this study focusing on: - 2H-1-Benzopyran-6-ol, 2, 2-diphenyl (α Tocopherol) , Butyrate Hydroxytoluene , both are chemically a derivative of phenol that is useful for its antioxidant properties. They are widely used in the industrial additive and cosmetic with suitable dose. Also  9. Octadecenoic acid (Z), methyl ester (Oleic acid, methyl ester), Erucic acid, the two compounds have a suitable property for biodiesel. Conclusion, The biotechnological aspects of jojoba cultivation led to a scientific activity, uses scientific research to activate creativity and the knowledge economy, to encourage market operation.